口语不地道:为什么国人说英语听起来没礼貌?
爱思英语编者按:中国人的英语以Chinglish或Chenglish闻名于世。中国人最大的英语发音问题就是没有连读,但这都不是最主要的语言问题。老外们时常议论,很多中国人在说英语时,听起来没有礼貌;并不是这些中国人本身没礼貌,而是他们还没有习惯英语的礼貌表达方式。 中国人的英语以Chinglish或Chenglish闻名于世。中国人最大的英语发音问题就是没有连读,但这都不是最主要的语言问题。老外们时常议论,很多中国人在说英语时,听起来没有礼貌;并不是这些中国人本身没礼貌,而是他们还没有习惯英语的礼貌表达方式。 比如,中国人在餐厅或咖啡厅,会说:“我想要一个汉堡包”或者“我想要一杯咖啡”。但是,如果直接把这些话翻译成英语“I want to have a hamburger.”或“I want to have a coffee.”老外们会觉得这样说话很没有礼貌,当然他们也不会直接告诉你。而在西方国家,老外们一般会说:“Could I have a hamburger, please?”或“Can I have a coffee, please?”在这里又要提到一个需要注意的问题,“打工的孩子最容易不注意的是see you.See u应该是客人说的,隐含了他觉得不错他会再来的意思,而店员最好用低调一点的bye,用see u太强势了。另外人家说谢谢,你也不用说you are welcome, 这实在是太正式了,有点真把自己当回事觉得帮了人家的味道。回答cheers或no worries就好,如果仅仅是对方爱说谢,你甚至可以不回应他的谢,直接说你要说的就好,如果是买了他的东西他谢你,更不能说you r welcome了,最好也谢对方” 我们可以从中总结一些“有礼貌”的说英语技巧: 1、西方人(主要指有一定修养的欧美人)在与他人交流时,比较多地使用情态动词:can、could、may、might、would等等;情态动词(Model Verbs)又称为情态助动词(Model Auxil-iaries),表示说话人的语气,可表达建议、要求、可能和意愿等,使得说话的语气比较有礼貌。 2、比较多地使用虚拟语气,比如would (had) rather、would (had) sooner、would (just) as soon等等,或者在陈述句中使用过去式表示虚拟语气,或者使用if等引导的从句表示“可能性”。这样说话可以使人感觉表达者是在考虑达到最佳的结果或方式,尽量避免不好的结果或方式,或者推测可能出现的问题,并找出可能解决的办法。 3、往往在句尾加please,而不是在句首加please。当please用在句首的时候,语气听起来就比较强,听起来像命令。比如请求别人做某事的时候,我们中国人会说“请在周一前给我回复。谢谢。”但是如果你直接用英语说“Please reply to me by Monday. Thank you.”听者会觉得你是在命令他,一点礼貌也没有。而如果这样说:“Could you please reply to me by Monday? Thank you.”就显得有礼貌了。 4、在陈述句的表达可能显得生硬、没礼貌时,尽量使用疑问句、否定句或从句,尽量避免自己的主观判断或武断,以积极的、建议的、比较的、人性的语气,代替消极的、命令的、直接的、武断的语气。 5、说话要以他人为中心,以肯定他人、赞同他人为前提,让自己显得谦卑、渺小。说完之后,还要附带一句“Thank you”或“Thanks”。其实,这种礼貌的表达方式是来自古老的中国。这是东西方文化的共同点,也是为人处世的基本原则。了解英语中礼貌的表达方式,尽量让自己的英语表达更有礼貌,融入社会。 说到这里,我们索性再八一八英国人那些弱爆了的思维吧。 当英国人夸你“很不错”时,当英国人“顺便说一句”时,当英国人说“基本同意”时,他们想表达的实际含义是什么呢?而你又是如何理解的呢?千万不要误会他们的意思,闹出笑话! When the British say "I hear what you say. " They mean "I disagree and do not want to discuss it further." But what others understand is "He accepts my point of view." When the British say "With the greatest respect... " They mean "I think you are an idiot." But what others understand is "He is listening to me." When the British say "That's not bad. " They mean "That's good." But what others understand is "That's poor." When the British say "That is a very brave proposal. " They mean "You are insane." But what others understand is "He thinks I have courage." When the British say "Quite good. " They mean "A bit disappointing." But what others understand is "Quite good." When the British say "I would suggest... " They mean "Do it or be prepared to justify yourself." But what others understand is "Think about the idea, but do what you like." When the British say "Oh, incidentally / by the way... " They mean "The primary purpose of our discussion is..." But what others understand is "That is not very important." When the British say "I was a bit disappointed that... " They mean "I am annoyed that..." But what others understand is "It doesn't really matter." When the British say "Very interesting. " They mean "That is clearly nonsense." But what others understand is "They are impressed." When the British say "I'll bear it in mind. " They mean "I've forgotten it already." But what others understand is "They will probably do it." When the British say "I'm sure it's my fault. " They mean "It's your fault." But what others understand is "Why do they think it was their fault?" When the British say "You must come for dinner. " They mean "It's not an invitation, I'm just being polite." But what others understand is "I will get an invitation soon." When the British say "I almost agree. " They mean "I don't agree at all." But what others understand is "He's not far from agreement." When the British say "I only have a few minor comments. " They mean "Please re-write completely." But what others understand is "He has found a few typos." When the British say "Could we consider some other options?" They mean "I don't like your idea." But what others understand is "They have not yet decided." |